بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

 بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

 kitaaba qunsuliyyaa ityoobiya`aa tan jiddaa keessa kara`e

guyyaaa 10/4/2008 

Obboleeyan kiyya kan amma asitti walgeenye jalata  waaqaf galchina kan nu uumee dachii nuu uumee qananii hedduu keessatti nuu uume duuba qananii waaqa nuu kennerra takka nagayaan wal nu qunnamsiisee tokkumma`aan jaalalaan .

Obboleeyan kiyya yoo waa xiqqo hanga bara afurtamaa if duuba deebinee leelle waan zamana ammaa keessa jirruun adda fago gaafas maqaa ummata keenya dhawuun balleessa guddo ar`a ammoo maqaa ummataa keenya dhawuun gurra guddaa ammas gaafas afaan keenya kana raadiyo`orra dubbatuun balleesa guddoo ar`a afaan kana raadiyorraa dubbatuun gurra gudda duuba bakka ar`a geenye tana laaftu`utti hin argamne maalif akka namuu beekhu qabsoon dhiirti oromo`oo goote kan dhiirti oromo`oo itti dhumte beekamtu akkuma namuu qabsoo isaa hanga taate beekhu

Ammoo qabsoon an godhe guddo qabsoo afaan oromo`oo jiraachisu`uu godhe tayuu kan kitaabban barreesu`uu tayuu an wannin qalqabeen afaan oromo`ootin ummata khiyya dammeysu raadiyoo alarraa ammallee kharaa kaaseeta`aatin kharaa kitaaba adda addaa barreessu`uutin qabee oromo`ootin dalagaa tana hunda warra na dura dhaabbateetu jira haa tayuu  obseetuman itti goggogee bakkaan gaye .

Duuba qube`ee yoo isinii dubbadhe qubee afaan oromo`oo je`eetan kitaaba barreesse bara 1973 biyya soomaale`etti kitaaba san naa maxxansan maqaan isaa { furaa afaan oromo`ootin } duuba hoggaa kitaabni sun baye dhaabni soomaalee galbeed je`u hararirraa dhufanii mataa soomaale`ee { siyaad barre } itti dhaqanii wanni je`aniiin sheekh rashaad dudda duuban nu waraane aadaa oromo`oo facaasee oromoo nuti dirree lolatti ajjeefne maqdishoo kheessatti  jiraachise tanaaf jecha kitaaba qubee oromo`oo san walitti qabi gubi sheekh rashaad kitaaba san barreesse oromoo nuti ajjeefne jiraachise nuu ajjeessi takkaa nuutu ajjeeffataa nuu khenni  mataa soomaale`ee siyaad wanni je`een maalif kitaaba khana jibbatan maalif sheekh rashaad ajjeessu yaaddan si kitaabni khun amaara faarsee soomaalee arabsaa lakkii je`aniin duuba maaltu kheessa jira je`een jennaan humaa kheessa hin jiruu haa tayuu guddaan jiraa aada`aafii maqaa oromoo je`u  nutu aadaa oromo`oo  hin feenu maqaan oromo`ollee hin feenu .

Wanni aada`aan kan kitaaba kanarraa jiru kan isaan jibban san dardara oromo`oo shamarran oromo`oo walaloo suuraa .

Duuba siyaad wanni je`een yoo maqaa khana jirjiirre akkami je`ee gaarii je`aniin akkasiti kitaabni furaa afaan oromo`ootin baye deebisanii { furaa afaan abboo }  godhan haa tayuu kuma sadii irraa hanbisee waan kaan mana kitaaba maxansutti deebise duuba { furaa afaan obbo`otti deebisan maqaa duraa irraa buqqisanii duuba warri mana maxansaa keessa dalagu uffate kitaaba ka duraa kan  footoo intalaatifii suuraa footoo gurba`aa qabu guuratanii manattin galanii kitaaban joolle`eeti uffata godhan duuba barumma dhaabni galbeed wanni agarte darasaa soomaale`ee tan olii gadiin yaatu hoggaa san siyaaditti orina`anii sheekh rashaad kitaaba ati maqaa jirjiiri jetteen jirjiiru didee biyya kheessa facaase je`aniin hoggaa san ashkara natti ergee akkamitti waan ashkara khiya lolarraa dhaabuttu na seensiftee amrin an sin je`e dalaga`arra oolchuu diddee kitaaba facaaftee . wanni akkas je`eef dhaaba galbeedituu yoo waan sirra barbaane nu godhi baatee nuti hin lollu ati deemi loli je`aniin ,

Ammo an dubbii isaa hin didne kitaaba hin facaafne warra mana maxansaa keessa dalaguutu hoggaa kitaaba durarraa uffata cirani darbuu guuratanii uffata kitaabaa isii godhatan ammoo mana maxansa`aa maqaa kitaaba jirjiirre dhaqaa je`een arga akkasitti waaqa du`a gala na baase qubeen afaan oromo`oo laaftu`utti isaan hin geenye .

Waan maqaan jirjiiru`uu yaanni khiyya du`u seyan rabbiin akka hin duune akka ummanni oromo`oo lafaatii tiyyarraa bu`a argatu godhe tanaaf rabbiin nama  na wajji dhaabatu naa godhee kitaaba barnoota hedduu barreesinee hoggaa mangistuun biyerraa dhaysu warra biyaaf dalagu biyyatti deebi`ee qubee afaan oromo`ootif fudhatan laalanii qubee an khaaye san filatan filatanii amma biyya kheenya kheessatti itti dalagama afaan kanaan ummata hedduudhan dammeyse karaa walala`ootin gaafa ummanni kheenya maqaa tokkorratti walii galuu dhaban wannin je`e

 yaa ilmaan    oromoo    dubbii    too    dhagayaa

                    maqaafii afaanin harka tokko tayaa

namni      afaan    keetii     inni    shanyii    teetii

                   qoqqoteen gaafatin maali gosti teeti

dhiisaa  maqaa   gosaa   ka  dhiyoo    argamee

                   isa dur qabdhaa kan akkaan baramee

bar    maqaan     durattii     isaa-wwali-qqabaa

                   gosa sabaa hundaa taariikha ni qabaa

yoo  isin  wal  taatan   xiqqa'aafii    gudda' aanii

                   dhiirafii dhalaadhan walis jaalattanii

baraa   nam  tokkolleen     isin    duran   bayuu

                   dhiirummaa teessanis namuu haa dhagayuu

kan  oromoo  mormuu  takkaayuu  diinumaa

                   takkaayuu galtu'uu sodaati naa humaa

oromoon guddinaa nama hundee qabuu              

                     nama heddumminaaf dachii guddoo   qabuu

kan  isin guddisee gooytuma  keessanii      

                     galata akkaan galchaa mee rabbii keessanii

kan      isin   kabajuu  galata      argataa      

                     namni isin tuquu borutti     rakkataa

 ammas walaloo biraa wannin je`e :

dhiichisa oromiyaa

Oromiyaa biyya     too	**	oromoo yaa  haadhaa  too
sii jettee lubbuun  tantoo	**	haa  duutuu yaa biyya too

bilisummaadhaa  jennee-kkaane  barii

yaa oromoo      sosso'ii	**	bilisummaadhaa      ka'ii
bitti    teetii     ol    je'ii	**	mee  xilaataa  gad  je'ii

oromiyaadhaa  jennee-dduunaa barii

namayyuu bar siin waliin	**	Dhaabbataa waan qabaniin
Atummaan hin  laafatin	**	bilisummaa-rraan   bu'in

yaa oromoo gabrummaa hin eehamin

yaa oromoo hujumaan	**	bakka geessan wajjumaan
waan isin  balleessurraa	**	faffagaadhaa    akkumaan

yaa oromoo wal tayaa mee hundumaan

Tokkummaa teenya jabeessaa	**	dalagaa   hunda diriirsaa
cunqursaa firraa fageessaa	**	isin miidhuu mee-tti dhiisaa

yaa oromoo wan jalaa keessan fageessaa

dalagaa waan   keessaniif	***	argadhaa   waan kaataniif
tokkuma'aafii  dalaga'aan	***	argatan  waan   deemaniif

              yaa oromoo dalagaa waan kaataniif

 dhiichisa (oromiyaa) kana sh. m. R. A. tolche

bara 1975 m

 obboleeyan kiyya wanni dubbadhe inni  waanin umata keenyaf dalagarraa waa xiqqo wanni hafe guddo akkuman an biya alaa taa`ce biya tiya ummata khiyya dalage dhiirti oromo`oo ummata isaanitif waa hedduu daleydee ammallee dalagu`utti jirti sanirraa kharaa harariifii  baale walitti hidhu baasu ammallee raadiyoo ummata oromo`ootif dhaabbate banu gadaa abbaa nuura kheessatti xumarame ammallee waan oromoo fayyadu dhiirti oromo`oo bakka hundaa dalagu`utti jiran rabbi isaan haa gargaaru  

     Dr / Mohammed rashaad kabiir abdullee

kabiir muummayyaa

AFAAN OROMOO

 

AFAAN OROMOO

Seensa:

Afaan Oromoo Afaanota Kuush bahaa keessaa tokko ta’ee afaan Gaanfa Afrikaa keesstti ummata baay’eedhaan dubbatamuu dha.

Afaan Oromoo barreessuuf, dubbisuuf Qubeen Laatiinii (Roman script) filatamee hojii irra oolee jira. Kun dura namoota biyya Awurooppaan, booda kana ammoo ilmaan Oromoon erga eegalee bubbulee jira.

Sababni qubeen Laatiinii Afaan Oromoof kan warra saabaa irra filatameef gabaabaatti akka armaa gadii ta’a.

Dubbifamaa fi dubbachiiftuun adda bahanii waan beekkamaniif

Sagalee dheeraa fi qabaabaa waan qabuuf waldhawiinsa hiika jechootaa hin qabu.

Sagalee jabaa fi laafaa waan qabuuf jijjirama laafinaa fi jabinaa waan hin qabneef

Jijjiirama dubbachiifuun qubee laatiinii Afaan Ingilizii keessatti argisiistuu hin qabu.

FKnf:- Afaan Ingilizii keessatti:

‘A’n akka ‘A’tti oggaa dubbifamu- at

" " ‚E’tti oggaa dubbifamu -ate

„ „ ‘O’tti oggaa dubbifamu -all

Lakkoobsaan muraasa waan ta’eef salphaatti qayyabatama.

Bakka sagaleen jecha tokkoo addaan citutti hudhaa galchuun waan adda baafatamuuf kaan irra filatame.

 

I/ QUBEE AFAAN OROMOO:

Qubeen Afaan Oromoo lakkoobsaan 32 ta’u. Guguddaa fi xixiqqaas qabu:

1/ Qubee Afaan Oromoo Guguddaa:

A B C CH D DH E F G H I J K L M N NY O P PH Q R S SH T TS U V W X Y Z

QUBEE AFAAN OROMOO XIXIQQAA:

a b c ch d dh e f g h I j k l m n ny o p ph q r s sh t ts u v w x y z

Qubeen Afaan Oromoo gosa lama qaba. Isaanis qubee qeentee fi qubee dachaa jedhamu.

Qubee Qeentee:

Qubee qeenteen hidhata malee qofaa barreeffama. Guguddaa fi xixiqqaa qaba.

 

A. Qubee Qeentee Guguddaa:

Qubee guguddaa qeenteen guguddoo ta’anii warra hidhata malee of danda’anii dhaabbatanii dha. Isaanis kanneen kanatti aananii tarrifamanii dha.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y X Y Z

 

 

B. Qubee Qeentee Xixiqqaa:

Qubee xixiqqaa qeenteen xixiqqoo ta’anii akkuma warra guguddaa hidhata malee of danda’anii warra barreeffamanii dha. Isaanis kanatti aananii tarrifamanii jiru.

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

Qubee Dachaa:

Qubee dachaan lama ta’anii walitti hidhamuun akka harfii yookaan qubee tokkottiwarra dhaabbatanii dha. Isaanis guguddaa fi xixiqqaa qabu.

Qubee Dachaa Guguddaa:

CH DH NY PH SH TS ZY

Qubee Dachaa Xixiqqaa:

Ch dh ny ph sh ts

 

Qubeen afaan oromoo bakka lamatti qoodamu. Isaanis dubbufamaa fi dubbachiiftuu jedhamu.

1. Dubbifamaa: (Consonant)

B/b C/c CH/ch D/d DH/dh F/f G/g H/h J/j K/k L/l

M/m N/n NY/ny P/p PH/ph Q/q R/r S/s SH/sh T/t TS/ts V/v W/w X/x Y/y Z/z

2. Dubbachiiftuu: (Vowels )

A/a E/e I/i O/o U/u

Dubbifamaan ofii sagalee hin qabu, Yoo dubbachiiftuu of biraa qabaate malee

Dubbachiiftuun ammoo ofiis sagalee qabdii dubbifamaafis sagalee kenniti.

Dubbifamaa fi dubbachiiftuun walitti ida’amanii sagalee kennu.

Fkn: dubbifamaa + dubbachiiftuu - sagalee (Sound)

B + U - BU

N + A -NA

L + A - LA

G + A - GA

 

 

Sagalee fi sagaleen ammoo walitti idaa’amanii jecha ta’u.

Fkn: Sagalee + sagalee - jecha (word)

Bu + na -Buna

Ma + na - Mana

Dha + la - Dhala

Ta + pha - Tapha

Go + cha - Gocha

Sagaleen jecha tokkoo dheeraa ykn gabaabaa ta’uu danda’a.

1. Sagalee gabaabaa:

Sagalee gabaabaan dubbachiiftuu tokko qofa qaba.

Kanaaf dubbachiiftuu gosa shanan irraa sagalee gabaabaa gosa shantu argama.

Fkn: a e i o u

Ba Be Bi Bo Bu

Ca Ce Ci Co Cu

Cha Che Chi Cho Chu

. . . . .

. . . . .

. . . . .

Za Ze Zi Zo Zu

 

2. Sagalee dheeraa:

Sagalee dheeraan dubbachiiftuun gosti tokko lama ta’anii walitti aananii oggaa galanii dha.

Fknf: aa ee ii oo uu

Baa bee bii boo buu

Caa cee cii coo cuu

. . . . .

. . . . .

. . . . .

nyaa nyee nyii nyoo nyuu

paa pee pii poo puu

phaa phee phii phoo phuu

qaa qee qii qoo quu

raa ree rii roo ruu

. . . . .

. . . . .

. . . . .

. . . . .

. . . . .

zaa zee zii zoo zuu

Gilgaala 1ffaa: (Exercise)

Dubbisi!

Nya, A, ch, Y, Z, v, u, dh, g, ts

II. Gaaffiillee Kanatti Aanan Deebisi!

Dubbifamaa hunda barreessi!

Qubee dachaam lakkobsaan meeqa ta’u?

qubee dachaa keessaa sadii barreessi!

Qubee qeentee guguddaa hunda barreessi!

Qubeen Afaan Oromoo lakkoobsaan meeqa ta’u?

III. Bakka duwwaatti guuti!

1. ___ + a = na

2. g + u = ____

3. y + __ = yo

4. h + c = ___

5. Ny + __ = nya

IV. Bakka duwwaattii Sagalee guutamuu qabu Guuti!

Sagalee + Sagalee = Jecha

1. bu + ____ = buna

2. __ + fa = lafa

3. ga + ____ = gama

4. ___ + ma = nama

5. bo + ___ = bona

6. a + ___ = ana

7. ___ + ja = ija

8. e + ___ = eda

9. I + ___ = ishee

10. __ + laa = ulaa

 

II. Jecha:

Jechi sagalee lama ykn lamaa ol irraa tolfama.

Sagaleen jecha tokkoo dheeraa ykn gabaabaa ta’uu.; yookan ammoo jabaa ykn laafaa ta’uu danda’a.Bakka bakkatti makaa jabaa fi laafaa ykn dheeraa fi gabaabaa ta’u danda’a. Kun ammo hiika adda addaa akka qabaatan godha. Isaan kana akka itti aanutti tokko tokkoon ilaalla.

1.Jechoota sagalee gabaabaa leexaa:

Jechi gabaabaa leexaan sagalee gama duraa fi gama boodaan gaggabaaboo oggaa ta’anii dha. Kana jechuun sagaleen gama lamaanuu dubbachiiftuu tokko tokko qofaa qbaatu jechuu dha. Fakkeenyaaf jechoota armaa gadii haa ilaallu.

bona, Bara, Buna, Dhala, dhuma, Laga, tapha, nama, mana, lola, muka, lafa, uka, ija, ona, eda, ala, ana

2. Jechoota sagalee dheeraa leexaa:

Dheeraa leexaa jechuun sagaleen jecha tokkoo gama lachuun jechuun gama duraa fi boodaan dhedheeroo oggaa ta’anii dha. Dibbachiiftuun sagalee gama lamaanii dachaa ta’u jechuu dha.

Fknf:’ Aadaa, Eelee, Aagii, Oolaa, Uumaa,Daadhii, Gaarii, kuulii, Nyaataa, Waadaa, Laaqii, Xaafii, Raatuu

Hub: Dheerinnii fi gabaabinni sagalee dubbachiiftuu ilaala.

3. Jechoota sagalee laafaa:

Sagalee laafaan dubbifamaa tokko qofa qaba

Fknf: Laga, Lama, shora, dhara, gara, qara, quba, guna, ala, eda,

 

4. Jechoota sagalee jabaa:

Sagalee jabaa jechuun dubbifamaan gosti tokko lama ta’anii walityti aananii oggaa galanii dha.

Fknf; Akka, Adda, Bakka, Damma, Amma, irra, Warra, Gurra

Hub: Jabinnii fi laafinni sagalee dubbifamaa irra hundaa’a.

Jalqaba irratti sagaleen hin jabaatu. Kana jachuun dubbifamaan dachaa ta’ee hin barreeffamu.

Gilgaala 2ffaa

1.1 Jechoota armaan gadii dubbisi!

Jala, jira, waaree, Tophi, maci, jaarraa, tabba, jibba, mooquu,

1.2 Barreessi:

Ala, eela, ija, isa, uka, fuuloo, eelee, ooluu, uraa, fura, nyaachuu, laddaa

1.3 Jachoota sagalee gabaabaa leexaa 5 barreessi!

1.4 Jachoota sagalee dheeraa leexaa 10 barreessi!

1.5 Sagalee gabaabaa jechuun maal jechuu dha? Fakkeenya 3 keenni!

1.6 Dheeraa leexaa jechuun maal jechuu dha?

1.7 Fakkeenya lamaa kan dubbachiiftuun eegalanii fi sadii dubbifamaan eegalan barreessi!

1.8 Dubbifamaa keessaa qeentee shanii fi dachaa sadii barreessi!

1.9 Qubee dachaa tartiibaan hunda isaanii barreessi!

1.10 Qubee dubbachiiftuu hunda isaanii barreessi.

1.11 Jechoota dubbifamaan eegalan dheeraa lamaa fi gabaabaa sadii barreessi!

5. Jechoota sagalee makaa:

Jechi hundi gabaabaa leexaa ykn dheeraa leexaa qofa ta’uu hin danda’u.

Sagalee dheeraa fi gabaabaan ykn jabaa fi laafaan walitti hidhamuun jecha uumuu danda’u. Jechootni akkasitti ijaaraman makaa jedhamu.

A/ jechoota sagalee gama duraa dheeraa:-

Isaan akkasii ennaa dubbifaman jalqaba irratti dheeratanii ykn irra harkisamanii dubbifamu. Dhuma irratti garuu nigabaabbatu.

Fknf: Aara, Aaga, eela, Baala, Cooma, Boora, teepha, nyaara, shoora

B/ Jechoota sagalee gamaa boodaan dheeraa :

Isaan kana keessatti ammoo dubbachiiftuun sagalee jalqabaa qeentee, sagaleen boodaa ammoo oggaa lama ta’uu dha.

Jechooti akkasii oggaa dubbifaman jalqaba irratti gabaabbatanii dhuma irratti ammoo irra harkifamanii dubbifamu.

Fkn: adii, odaa, ukoo, aduu ifaa okaa ulaa, bobaa cufaa, dhugaa, tumaa, bulaa, cimaa, shoraa, galaa

Gilgaala 3ffaa

2.1 Dubbisi! Toora, yoona, hooda, booka, coora, oggaa, buttaa, shutaa, gumii, guchii, cabbii, haphee, qakkee, dhaddee, dhibboo,dhiphuu,

2.2 Barreessi! Tuuta qooda, nyaata, dhaala, dhaaba, seera, afaa, oduu, uluu, uruu, onnee.

2.3 Jechoota gama duraan dheeraa 5n barreessi!

2.4 Jechoota gama boodaan dheeraa 10 barreessi!

2.5 Soba ykn dhugaa jechuun deebisi!

a. Sagalee dheeraan dubbifama lama qaba.

b. Dheerinni fi gabaabinni dubbachiiftuu qofa hubata ykn ilaala.

c. Bakka dubbifamaan qeentee ta’etti sagaleen ni laaffata.

d. Sagalee gabaabaan dubbachiiftuu tokko qaba.

e. Qubee tokko ida’uu ykn hir’isuun hiika jechaa hin jijjiru.

f. Jalqaba jechaa irratti sagaleen jabeessuuf dubbifamaa dachaatu barreeffama.

g. Sagaleen dubbachiiftuun eegalu dheerachuu ni danda’a.

h. Jechi sagalee makaa gama duraa qofaan kan dheeratu dha.

Hima

1.1. Hima jechuun tuuta jechootaa walitti ida’amanii (ijaaramanii) waa ibsanii dha.

Bakka bakkatti xumurtoota keessaa tokko dhuma irratti yoo dabalatan malee yaada ykn haala hin ibsani.

Walumaa gala jechootni walitti ijaaramanii hima ta’u.

Fakkeenya kanatti aananii tarrifaman haa ilaallu.

Jecha + jecha = hima

Buna + dhuga = buna dhuga

Mana + jira- = mana jira.

Lola + dhaqe- = lola dhaqe

Lagaa + gala = lagaa gala

Boora + qale = boora qale

Hulaa + bane = hulaa bane

1.2. Jechoota sagalee lamaa olii:

Jechootni tokko tokko sagalee lamaa ol irraa ijaaraman.

Fkn: Sagalee + sagalee + sagalee = jecha

A + da + ba = adaba

Ee + ga + luu = eegaluu

I + jaa + ruu = ijaaruu

Ka + lee + ssa = kaleessa

Go + ro + ra = gorora

Jechootni kanatti aanan fakkeenya jechoota sagalee lamaa olii ti.

Ajaja, olola, bolola, loqoda, jaalala, jalalii, qullubbii, ganama,

Gilgaala 4ffaa

3.1. Jechoota armaa gadii irraa hima tolchi!

Jira, bona, karra, hiruu, dhama, fura,

3.2. Soba ykn dhugaa jechuun deebisi!

A/ Himni hundi xumurtuu qaba.

B/ Himni dubbifamaa qofaan jalqaba.

C/ Hima jachoota lamaa qofaa irraa ijaaruu ni danda’ama.

D/ Himni hundi dhugaa ibsa.

E/ Himni tuuta jachootaa irraa tolfama.

4.3 Jechoota armaan gadii bakka sirriitti guuti.

Haqa, booka, nyaata, hoolaa, barii

1.__________________nyaate.

2._Inni_________________jiru beeka.

3. Boonaan _____________ dhugaa jira.

4. Ganama ______________ deeme.

5. Dallaa keessaa ____________ yaase.

4.4. Barreessi

Gama sana dhaqe.

Muka muree mana ijaare.

Ala sana rafe.

Jara bira dhaqee bule.

Guyyaa guutuu jooraa oolee gale.

4.5 Jechoota kana itti aanan irraa hima ijaari!

Dhodhoosuu,

Olola

Gorora

Gabaabaa

Gugguufuu

 

Irra-buta.

Jechoota tokko tokko keessatti oggaa barreeffaman dubbifamaan gosti lama walitti aananii utuu dubbachiiftuun gidduu hin galiin barreeffamu. Isaan akkasii oggaa dubbifaman, dubbifamaan jalqabaa irra-butamee isa lammaaffaa irratti jabaata. Isaan akkasii irra buta jedhamu.

Fknf: arba, amna, erbee, ilma, olbaa, ulmaa, boombii, cuunfaa, dilbii, fuunfachuu

Hub: Dubbifamaan sadii ta’anii walitti aananii hin galan.

Gilgaala 5ffaa

5.1. Dubbisi

birkii, borqii, angafa, angoo, ergaa, hirphuu, irbuu, kolbaa, gaangee,

5.2.Barreessi.

Rirma, golboo, cuftuu, giingee, dhoolbee, gorba, tortorsuu, tarsaasuu, gumbii gunfura.

5.3. Jechoota armaa gadiin hima ijaari.

Milki, ulmaa

Morma gonfaa

Harma marxoo

Harka qabsoo

Jilba furgaasuu

 

 

5.4. Jechoota itti aanan bakka sirriitti guuti!

Qabsoo, galgala, garbuu, sarbaa, cunqeessuu,

Eda_____________ dhufe.

Bilisummaan ____________ fedha.

Taa’ee dubbii _______________ jaallata.

Owuruu isaa hunda ____________ facaafate.

________________n ishee barbadaa fakkaata.

5.5. Jechoota irra-butaa gama boodaan dheeraa 5 barreessi.

5.6. Barreessi dubbisi!

Bifti culullee gurraacha.

Buddeena boqqolloo jaallatti

Abbaa mana kanaa beektaa?

Waraanni keenya haxii hidhee diina barbadeesse.

Laga Birbir gmaa ganda kanatti gale

Sirna gabroomsaa burkuteessuuf qabsoofna.

Tooftaa fi tarsiimoo qabsoo wal barsiisna.

Gurbicha simbo dhablee sana beektaa?

Barsii garbuu tuultee gubde.

Wirtuu dugdaa keessa waxale.

Hudhaa (’)

Afaan Oromoo barreessuu fi dubbisuu keessatti seerota hordofamuu qaban keessaa tokko hudhaa dha.

Hudhaan mallattoo bakka oggaa jecha tokko dubbisnu sagaleen jechichaa addaan citutti galuu dha.

Afaan Oromoo keessatti oggaa dubbisnu, bakka afuurrii sonba irraa ka’ee gara laagaa dhufu sagaleewwaan jecha tokkoo addaankututti hudhaan (’) gala.

Fknf: Har’a, baay’ee, hir’uu, xaa’oo, gu’aa, mi’a, don’a, bal’aa, qu’uu, waa’ee

Hub: Dheerinnii fi gabaabinni sagalee dubbachiiftuu dubbifamaan dura ykn booda

galu irratti akka hundaa’u ilaallee jirra. Hudhaa keessatti ammoo dheerinni

sagalee gama duraa fi boodaa dubbachiiftuu hudhaa dura ykn booda galuirratti

hundaa’a.

Fknf:

A. Gama duraan dheeraa:

Yaa’e, taa’e, boo’e, kaa’e,

C. Gama boodaan dheeraa:

lo’aa, se’uu, ka’uu, mo’oo, du’aa, de’uu, ro’oo, re’ee

D. Gabaabaa leexaa:

ka’e, ho’a, du’a, sa’a, mi’a, gu’a

E. Dheeraa leexaa:

xaa’oo, waa’ee, yaa’ii, yaa’aa, kaa’uu, boo’uu

Gilgaala 6ffaa

6.1. Dubbisi!

Bari’uu, raata’uu, mar’ataa, bar’uu, daa’ima, muusa’uu mil’uu, hir’ina, dhama’uu, bal’oo.

6.2. Barreessi!

Ji’a ja’a naanna’ee ce’e.

Si’ana si’oo gaarii qaba.

Dallaa bal’aatu itti naanna’ee jira.

Yaa’ii guddaatu walitti yaa’ee taa’a.

Yaa’a bal’aa utaalee ce’e.

Bariin bari’uu yaadda’a.

Naanna’ee diina secca’ee haxaa’e.

Ibidda bar’uu miillaa itti ta’e.

Muusa’ee raata’ee taa’a.

Xaaxa’ee tarsa’ee faca’e.

6.3. Keessaa filii deebii sirrii ta’e bakka duwwaatti guuti!

1. __________ barii deeme. a/ har’a b/eda c/dhi’a

2. Lagaa gaaratti ol ___________ a/ taa’e b/ ba’e c/ce’e.

3. Fo’aa ___________ gurgurate. A/fa’a b/dha’a c/fo’ee.

4. Ilmoo ___________ qalate. A/ ra’ee b/sa’aa c/ bu’ee

5. Barcuma irra ________. A/ taa’a b/ ta’a c/taa’aa

6.4. Jechoota armaa gadii keessaa filii bakkoota duwwaatti guuti!

Solola’i, burcuccaa’e, dhangaggaa’e, balali’a, hir’uu

F. Buddeenni _____________ laphee nama guba.

G. Caaltuun_______________ yaa jaali naan jedhte.

H. Raasnaan ______________ .

I. ____________ gad fagoo wayya.

J. Allaattiin qilleensa irra _________.

Xumurtoota(taasuu xumuraa/verbs)

Xumurtootni- Sagalee dubbifamaa fi dubbachiiftuu irraa ijaaraman ta’anii dhuma himaa irratti galanii buufachiisu (xumursiisu.) Isaanis kanneen kanatti aanii dha.

dha, ti, kaa, miti, dhaa, tii mitii ,ree,/yii

1. ‘dha’n- jecha miti.

- Dhuma himaatti qophaa of danda’ee galuun hima xumursiisa.

Fkn:- Boontuu fi Boonsaan obbolaa dha.

Urgeen b arsiistuu dha.

Kan eenyummaa isaa hin beekne doofaa dha.

2. ‘ti’n- jecha miti.

-Kophaatti of danda’ee galuun hima xumursiisa.

Fkn:- Oromiyaan kan Oromoo ti!

Gamtaan obboleessa Lalisee ti.

3. ‘kaa’n- jecha miti.

Hima gaaffii ykn ajaja of keessaa qabu dhuma irratti galuun xumursiisa.

-Kophaatti of danda’ee gala.

Fkn:- Bor naaf dhufta kaa?

Dafii dhaqqabi kaa!

4. ‘ree’n- jecha miti.

Sagalee dheeraa ta’ee hima gaaffii of keessaa qabu xumursiisa.

Kaa ykn yii waliin wal fakkaatu.

-Kophaatti jecha biraatti utuu hin hidhamin galu.

Fkn:- Bor naaf fiddaa ree?

Daftee deebitaa ree?

5. ‘miti’n- jecha hima diddaa /mormii xumursiisuu dha.

Fkn:- Oromoo fi Habashaan tokko miti.

Kan eenyummaa isaa hin beekne sab-boonaa miti.

6. ‘mitii’n- Jecha hima gaaffii xumursiisuu dha.

Fkn:- Isheen sun Saartuu mitii?

Soorii fi Sooressaan lakkuu mitii?

7. ‘dhaa fi tii’n- Lamaanuu hima gaaffii buufachiisu.

Dhuma himaa irratti kophaatti of dandaa’anii galu.

Fkn:-

A/ ‘dhaa’- Kan afaan Oromoo dubbatu hundi Oromoo dhaa?

Inni dhufaa jiru sun boonsaa dhaa?

B/ ‘tii’- Boontuun obboleettii kee tii?

Garbuun midhaan gammoojjii tii?

Gilgaala 7ffaa

7.1. Barreessii dubbisi!

Caaltuun qabsooftuu dha.

Oromiyaan biyya Oromoo ti.

Kan argatan irra kan abdatantu caala mitii?

Yoo sussukte har’a dhaqqabdaa ree?

Obsa guddisuun wallaalummaa dhaa?

Saffisaan bobba’ii dafii deebi’i kaa!

Sab-boonummaan dhiphummaa miti.

Alagaan bitamuun qaanii guddaa ta’uu hubattee mitii?

Dubbachuu dura qalbeeffachuun gaarii dha.

Qabsoon keenya kan haqaa ti!

7.2. Xumurtoota armaan gadii bakka sirriitti guuti!

dha, miti, ti, kaa, tii,

Bor naaf dhufta __________!

Oromummaan afaan qolfaa ______.

Teessoon isaa Finfinnee _______ .

Ibsituun obboleettii Bariisoo _______.

Hundeen ilma Tolaa _________?

 

7.3. Bakka duwwaatti xumurtuu sirrii filii guuti!

1. Kan eenyummaa isaatti qaana’u doofaa _____.

1. kaa b. ree c. dha

2. Iftaan naaf deebista _____.

dha b. kaa c. miti.

3. Ayyaantu kaameettii intala Oromoo ______.

a. ti b. dhaa c. tii

4. Alagaaf Waardiyyaa dhaabbachuun bilisummaa ________?

ti b. dhaa c. tii

5. Oromummaan Habashummaa miti, ittiin naaf jedhi _______!

a. miti b. dhaa c. kaa

7.4. Xumurtoota itti aananiin hima ijaari!

dhaa, tii, mitii, ree, dha.

Gudunfaa

1/ Dubbachiiftuu fi dubbifamaan sagalee ta’u. Sagalee fi sagaleen ammoo jecha kennu.

2/ Gabaabinni fi dheerinni sagalee dubbachiiftuu hubata.Laaffinnii fi jabinni sagalee

ammoo dubbifamaa hubata.

3/ Qubee tokko(dubbachiiftuu ykn dubbifamaa) ida’uun ykn hir’isuun hiika jechaa ni

jijjiira.

4/ Dubbifamaan gosti lama yoo walitti aananii galan inni jalqabaa irra butamee isa

lammaffaa irratti jabaata. Kanaaf irra-buta jedhama.

5/ Hudhaan jecha tokko oggaa dubbisnu bakka afuurri sonba irraa ka’ee gara laagaa

dhufu sagaleewwan jecha sanaa addaan kututti gala.

The Oromo of Harerghe: On the Evolution of Urban Centers (Part Two)

 By Afendi Muteki

The urban centers in the Harerghe have shown many changes in the 20^th century; some of them grew continuously, others stayed in dwarfism. Few of them continue to play their historical role while a handful were totally forgotten. This essay tries to assess the ups and downs of the towns of Harerghe in the 20^th century.
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In early 20^th century, Dire Dawa was made the main terminal of the Franco-Ethiopian Railway Line. This has caused commerce to bloom in the area and consequently, many people settled there permanently. European, Arabian and Indian traders also came to the area and introduced new transactions and building styles. Within a decade, it replaced the centuries old Harar as the main commercial center of east Ethiopia (But Harar remained the administrative center).
In the same period, the land of Harerghe was divided to vast woredas (district). The woreda’s chief activity was gathering the tributes and taxes from the native Oromos who became tenants on their land. Due to their strategic positions, some towns situated on the mountain tops like Qun’e (Qunnii) and Gurawa became seats of the newly created woredas. These towns were mostly inhabited by the imperial army and their families. The Oromos living around those woreda towns suffered greatly from the repeated looting undertaken by the army. For example, the people of Gara Mul’ata have a famous saying which reminds us of the situation of the time.

Gurawaa gad-yaatii
Loon nu aati

Meaning
They come out of Gurawa (town)

And they steal our cattle

Ras Tafari Makonen’s ascendance to the Solomonic throne as Emperor Haile-Silasie I of Ethiopia brought another change on the urbanization process. Harerghe was devided to “awraja”s (sub-provinces) and woredas. In the eastern half of Harerghe, towns like Dadar, Gurawa and Funyan Biiraa became awraja centers along with Harar and Dire Dawa. In the western part, Afdam became the capital of Adal and Issa Awraja but Qun’ee (Qunnii) was replaced by the newly founded “Ciroo” town as the capital of “Carcar” awraja. (Ciroo was renamed “Asebe Teferi” in the honor of the emperor, but the Oromos continue to call it by its original name).
The five year Italian occupation of the country brought a new dynamism in the urbanization process in the Harerghe. The occupiers constructed the all weather road that runs from Addis Ababa to Harar and then passes to Jijjiga. This had intensified trade and communication in the area and more urban centers appeared on the Fugug Mountains. The Italian era also favored historical towns to resurrect. For example, Galamso was made the capital of “Carcar” awraja in that period and consequently, it expanded in all directions.
Another thing to note here was the Italian attempt to establish a new urbanized community of immigrants which were thought to be brought from southern Italy. The site selected to host those immigrants was a place called “Waccuu” in Carcar province (20kms East of Galamso). An intensive housing program was launched in the area and dozens of European style buildings were constructed. However, the program was interrupted when the Italians left the country in 1941 yet “Waacuu” became a typical town that represents the five years time (the elderly people still call it “Kinteerii”- derived from the Italian “cantiere” which was to mean “construction site”).
The emperor’s return to the throne turned the development of many urban centers of Harerghe in the other way; Afdem lost it status of awraja capital, Galamso was replaced by “Assebe Teferi” (Ciroo), and Harar’s high expansion stopped. But Dire Dawa continued to play its role as the leading commercial center of the east; “Magaala” became the commercial half of the city and “Kazira” became the residential half.
In the 1950s, Christian missionary groups launched programs of evangelization in the Harerghe. Their effort had little effect on the religious composition of the  Oromos of Harerghe yet they helped found new health facilities and education centers. For example, an American Adventist missionary group established Dadar Hospital which was the first one to be opened outside Harar and Dire Dawa.
The 1950s was also marked by a wide spread of European and Arabian merchants in the Harerghe. Due to the efforts made by these entrepreneurs, electric lighting system and tap water was introduced in many urban centers. However, apart from Harar and Dire Dawa, the imperial government gave low attention on improving the infrastructure and housing conditions in the towns of Harerghe. For example, it was only in the late 1960s and early 1970s that the banking and telephone services were introduced to the towns of Ciroo, Haramaya, Galamso and Dadar.
The coming of the Dergue to power highly favored the towns that had awraja status and some woreda towns; many had got 24 hours electric power, health center, high school etc.. However, trade had diminished due to the regime’s anti-market policies. As a result, contraband engulfed many towns of Harerghe. The Ethio-Somali war of 1977-78 also caused serious damage to the towns of Harerghe. This damage was very great to the towns situated in the former Jijjiga and Gursum awrajas. For example, a town of Qoree (in Gursum) was almost completely destroyed by the war.
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Afandi Mutaki, a native of  Galamso, is an ethnographer based in the historic  city of Harar . His works can be accessed at http://www.afendimutekiharar.com/

Tiki Gelana under pressure but retains Marugame Half-Marathon title

February 3, 2013, Marugame, Japan (IAAF) – Ethiopia’s London 2012 Olympic Games Marathon champion Tiki Gelana successfully defended her crown at 67^th Kagawa Marugame Half Marathon in 1:08:53, five seconds slower than in 2012, but was made to work surprisingly hard for her second victory on Sunday (3).
Gelana took off from the start and covered the first 5km in a swift 15:52, a minute faster than her opening split from last year and she continued to lead at 10km, which was passed in 32:19, still nearly 30 seconds ahead of her 2012 pace.
However, behind her, New Zealand’s Kim Smith had been less audacious and covered the first 5km in  16:07 and 10km in 32:25 before catching Gelana at 12km.
The pair then ran together for the next 8.5 km before the Ethiopian surged away from her rival to win by seven seconds.
The next five slots were occupied by Japanese and all of them set their personal best. Yuko Shimizu was third with 1:09:32, nearly three minutes faster than she had ever run before for the distance, while Sakiko Matsumi was fourth with 1:10:10 and a personal best by more than two minutes. Aromas Gelana, a younger sister of the 2012 Olympic champion, finished 24^thin 1:13:39.
Tiki Gelana
Erba Tiki Gelana (born 22 October 1987, in Bokoji, Oromia Region) is an Oromian long-distance runner who competes in marathon races. Her personal best of 2:18:58 hours is the Ethiopian national record for the event. She won the 2011 Amsterdam Marathon and the 2012 Rotterdam Marathon. She won the Gold Medal at the 2012 London Olympics with a time of 2:23:07, a new Olympic record.
A cousin of 2000 Olympic marathon champion Gezahegne Abera, Tiki began competing in road races in Ethiopia and came fourth at the 2004 Great Ethiopian Run. She went to Catalonia in Spain in 2006 and made her debut over the half marathon distance, including wins in Mataró and Terrassa. She won the San Silvestre Barcelonesa 10K race at the end of the year. She travelled to Japan in 2007 and won the 10K at the Sanyo Road Race – her time of 31:54 minutes made her the third fastest Ethiopian that year. She won the 2008 Women First 5K in Addis Ababa in March, then came fourth at the high-profile World 10K Bangalore in May. She debuted on the European track and field circuit that summer and set a 5000 metres best of 15:17.74 minutes at the Internationales Stadionfest and a 10,000 metres best of 31:27.80 minutes at the Ostrava Golden Spike.
In late 2008, she took sixth place at the Delhi Half Marathon with a time of 1:10:22 hours, but she was two minutes slower at the 2009 RAK Half Marathon, finishing 16th, but managed second place behind Abebu Gelan at the Virginia Beach Half Marathon in her American debut. Her marathon debut followed in October at the Dublin Marathon and in a close finish she took third place on the podium. In 2010 she came fourth at both the Los Angeles Marathon and the Dublin Marathon, although she improved her best to 2:29:53 hours.
The 2011 Amsterdam Marathon marked a breakthrough for Tiki as she won the race in a time of 2:22:08 hours – almost eight minutes faster than her previous best and an improvement upon Gete Wami’s nine-year-old course record. At the end of that year she returned to Ethiopia, where she came runner-up at the Great Ethiopian Run and third at the Ethiopian Clubs Cross Country Championships. She improved her personal best at the Kagawa Marugame Half Marathon in February 2012, going unchallenged to win the race in 1:08:48 hours.
She broke the Ethiopian record at the 2012 Rotterdam Marathon, completing a solo run of 2:18:58 hours to win the race almost five minutes ahead of runner-up Valeria Straneo. This made her the fourth fastest woman ever over the distance
On 5 August 2012, she won the Gold medal at the London 2012 Olympics Marathon with an Olympic record time of 2:23:07
Leading results (JPN unless stated):
Men
1. Collis Birmingham (AUS) 1:00:56
2. Enock Omwamba (KEN) 1:01:15
3. Tsuyoshi Ugachi 1:01:16
4. Kenta Murayama 1:01:19
5. Benjamin Gandu (KEN) 1:01:21
6. Micah Njeru (KEN) 1:01:33
7. Masaki Ito 1:02:00
8. Abel Kirui (KEN) 1:02:04
9. Ryo Yamamoto  1:02:05
10. Johana Maina (KEN) 1:02:14
Women
1. Tiki Gelana (ETH) 1:08:53
2. Kim Smith (NZL) 1:09:00
3. Yuko Shimizu 1:09:32
4. Sakiko Matsumi 1:10:10
5. Eri Hayakawa 1:10:13
6. Misato Horie 1:10:26
7. Rui Aoyama 1:10:28
8. Nikki Chapple (AUS) 1:10:34
9. Kumi Ogura 1:10:51
10. Misaki Onishi 1:11:16

Ethiopia’s Gelana named 2012 AIMS female World Athlete of the Year

Ethiopia’s London 2012 Olympic Games Marathon champion Tiki Gelana was named as the female AIMS/ASICS World Athlete of the Year for 2012 in Marugame, Japan, on Sunday (3).

President Emeritus of AIMS Hiroaki Chosa and AIMS Board Member and Vice President of the Japanese Athletics Federation Dr Keisuke Sawaki presented Gelana with the acclaimed Golden Shoe Trophy during an awards ceremony after she had won the Kagawa Marugame Half Marathon earlier in the day.
Gelana, 25, becomes the first Ethiopian women to win the AIMS/ASICS World Athlete of the Year Award. She joins her male compatriots Gezahenge Abera (2000) and Haile Gebrselassie (2006, 2007 & 2008) in winning this prestigious award.
She started 2012 with a runaway win and personal best of 1:08:48 in the Marugame Half Marathon but that was just a warm-up for a decisive five-minute victory in the Rotterdam Marathon, where she became the fifth woman to break 2:19 for the distance when she ran a national record of 2:18:58.
The following week Mary Keitany won the London Marathon in the only faster time posted during the year, but when both went to London for the Olympic Games it was Gelana who triumphed.
Despite an early fall she stayed in the ever dwindling leading group. In the final kilometre, she started to edge ahead of her three remaining rivals, crossing the line in a new Olympic record of 2:23:07. She then further improved her Half Marathon best to 1:07:48 when finishing third in the Great North Run in September.
The AIMS/ASICS World Athlete of the Year Awards were founded in 1992 and are decided each year from nominations made by the 350 member races of AIMS. 
AIMS President Paco Borao commented: “I am delighted that AIMS can recognise this fantastic athlete with the AIMS/ASICS World Athlete of the Year Award. Tiki demonstrated excellent form in 2012 culminating in her magnificent Gold Medal winning performance at the London Olympic Games. It is with great pleasure we recognise her achievements on behalf of the 350 members of AIMS in over 95 countries throughout the world. I would like to give special thanks to everyone involved in the Kagawa Marugame Half Marathon who made this presentation possible as part of this fantastic event.”
Tiki Gelana commented: “To be named as AIMS/ASICS World Athlete of the Year is a fantastic honour. To see my name alongside such legendary names in the sport is an incredible feeling. I would like to also extend my thanks to AIMS for their support and all sponsors who make this prestigious award possible.”
The men’s 2012 AIMS/ASICS World Athlete of the Year will be named in the near future.

YAA MUSLIMA BIYYAA MAALUMAAF CALLIFTEE?

By Najiib 

Cunqursaan wayyaanee karayyuun jabaattee
Tan biraa hanqattee amantitti seente.

Umrii dheereeffachuuf sirna gabrummaa
Dirqiin fudhachiisuuf shira Ahbaashummaa
Sirna isaanii dinnaan hidhuun ajjeefamaa
Muslimoonnis dide hin tahu gonkumaa
Qabsoon itti fufa du'us jannatumaa

Seerri biyyattii amantitti hin geeysu
Kan feetetti amantee if jala hiriirsuu
Abbaatu beekkata karaa isa baasuu
Amma eessaa fidan humnaan kafarsiisuu?
Kan didee morme hidhanii ajjeesuu
Ulamaa'ii guddoo kijiba moggaasuu
Yoo dhuguma tahe seera san hin faalleessuu?

Roorroon akka malee haalaan jabaattee
Yaa Muslima biyyaa maalumaaf calliftee?
Islaama tahuudhaaf barataas rakkiftee
Ahbaash jibbitaniif barnootarraa ariitee
Duutu shahiideedha duuba maal sodaattee?

Koreen hidhaman sun mee isin hin naasisanii
Mana hidhaatitti gidiraa arganii
kijiba dubbadhaaf akkaa -gara dhoorganii
Yaabo dammaqaa mee hundi muslimoonni
Itti fufuu qabdi qabsoo karayyuunii
Irra numaat aana abdii Rabbiitinii
Allahu akbar! Jedhaa bakkuma jirtanii.